Tuesday, December 24, 2019

The Tragic Flaw Of Hamlet By William Shakespeare - 774 Words

A tragic flaw is a deficiency in a person that brings them sorrow and misery. A high percentage of individuals have some type of tragic flaw that earns them misery, wether it be a relatively small issue like being a tad lazy, or something bigger like showing open contempt for others. Both these flaws are a detriment to individuals and will hinder them in their lives. In the play, Hamlet there are a number of characters that have tragic flaws, including Gertrude and her inability to be loyal and Polonius and his meddling in affairs of others. The character with a tragic flaw that is portrayed most vividly by William Shakespeare is Hamlet. Hamlet’s tragic flaw is his tendency to overthink scenarios and decisions, while procrastinating any real action, which leads in part to his eventual murder. Hamlet was shocked to hear of his fathers death and even more shocked when the ghost of King Hamlet told the truth of his murder at the hands of Claudius. Hamlet was enraged and swore to his father he would avenge his death, â€Å"Haste me to know’t, that I, with wings as swift as meditation or the thoughts of love, may sweep to my revenge.† The play could have been over and done soon after this but, through overthinking Hamlet manages to draw the revenge out for quite some time. A portion of Hamlets idleness is before he is actually certain of Claudius’ guilt. Even though the ghost has told him of the murder Hamlet is wary and wants to make sure the ghost isn’t the devil inShow MoreRelated Shakespeares Macbeth and Hamlet as Tragic Heroes Essay893 Words   |  4 PagesMacbeth and Hamlet as Tragic Heroes      Ã‚   William Shakespeare has written many literary works - from his sonnets to his plays, each has its own individual characteristics.   One popular characteristic that comes from his plays is the tragic hero.   The audience can always relate to the tragic hero and the many trials he faces.   Macbeth and Hamlet are just two of Shakespeares plays that involve the tragic hero.   Through their nobility, tragic flaws, and dignity Macbeth and Hamlet prove to beRead MoreHamlet vs. Oedipus Essay898 Words   |  4 PagesPrince Hamlet in Hamlet by William Shakespeare and Oedipus in Oedipus King by Sophocles In Aristotles literary discourse, Poetics, he discusses his theory of tragedy, wherein he introduces the concepts of tragic flaw or hamartia, which serves as the catalyst for the protagonists downfall or the tragedy of the story to happen. He determines a tragedy as a drama that brings about a sorrowful conclusion, arousing fear and pity in the audience (Roberts and Jacobs, 1998:1189). Tragic storiesRead MoreHamlet, Prince of Denmark825 Words   |  4 PagesHamlet, Prince of Denmark By William Shakespeare Submitted by: Tariq Khan Dated: Monday, 24th September, 2012 Hamlet as a Tragedy by William Shakespeare 1.1. Brief Introduction to Tragedy: Greek and English: Elizabethan tragedy is traced back to Greek tragedy, since Greeks are said to have pioneered the Western knowledge, be it Science, Arts, or Humanities—not necessarily Technology. The rich contribution of Greek dramatists like Sophocles, Euripides, Aeschylus and AristophanesRead MoreAct 3 Scene 1 Of William Shakespeare s Hamlet Essay947 Words   |  4 Pages3 scene 1 of William Shakespeare â€Å"Hamlet† the main protagonist, Hamlet, recites a soliloquy â€Å"To be, or not to be.† Throughout his lines Hamlet explains the concept of suicide and why people choose to live long lives instead of ending their suffering. The main point he speaks on is the mystery of one’s afterlife, they never know for sure what happens when they die. For this reason, his speech does a good job highlighting the plays underlying themes of pervasiveness of death, and tragic dilemma, andRead MoreHamlet : A Tragic Hero995 Words   |  4 PagesHamlet: A Tragic Hero William Shakespeare is known through the ages as a brilliant playwright. He has written several comedies and tragedies that people have loved through decades. Shakespeare’s plays have been interpreted in many different ways and have been debated on which interpretation is correct. Some of these included even the basis of the character’s persona. In the Shakespearean tragedy Hamlet, the main protagonist, Prince Hamlet, is fated by the ghost of his late father that, becauseRead More The Tragic Hero of Hamlet Essay1049 Words   |  5 PagesThe Tragic Hero of Hamlet    Shakespeares play, Hamlet illustrates the tragedy of a young princes pursuit to obtain revenge for a corrupt act, the murder of his father.  Ã‚   As the exposition unfolds, we find Prince Hamlet struggling with internal conflict over who and what was behind his fathers death.   His struggle continues as he awaits the mystic appearance of a ghost who is reported to resemble his father.   Suddenly it appears, proclaiming, Pity me not, but lend thy serious hearing / ToRead MoreThe Tragedy of Hamlet by William Shakesperare977 Words   |  4 Pagesâ€Å"The Tragedy of Hamlet, Prince of Denmark†, shortened to â€Å"Hamlet†, written by William Shakespeare dramatizes the revenge Prince Hamlet is instructed by his father, King Hamlet, to execute on his uncle Claudius, who murdered the king. Not only did he kill Hamlet’s father but then succeeded to the throne and took the murdered king’s wife, Gertrude, to be his own. Shakespeare uses Hamlet’s major s oliloquies to depict a close to clear picture of Hamlet’s true character. He gives us many soliloquies,Read MoreThe Role Of Women in Hamlet Essay1063 Words   |  5 Pagesthe way playwright William Shakespeare portrayed females in his plays. Shakespeare exemplified this in his revenge tragedy Hamlet, written in 1601 with one of the most significant characters, Gertrude. She is central to the plot due to her relationship with the main character, Hamlet, being his mother. However, not only is she the mother to the tragic hero Hamlet, she is also widow to his laid father, King Hamlet Senior, and also newly wed to Hamlets uncle, Claudius. In this tragic play, we witnessRead MoreEssay on Aristotles Concept of Tragedy Applied to Hamlet1500 Words   |  6 PagesAristotle’s Concept of Tragedy Applied to Hamlet Aristotle’s concept of a well written tragedy is that it is â€Å"†¦an imitation of an action that is serious, complete, and of a certain magnitude, in language embellished with each kind of artistic ornament, the several kinds being found in separate parts of the play, the form of action, not of narrative, through pity and fear effecting the proper purgation of these emotions† (McManus). According to Aristotle, the plot is the â€Å"soul† of the tragedyRead MoreHamlet as Tragic Hero Essay1361 Words   |  6 PagesHamlet, the titled character of Hamlet, Prince of Denmark, William Shakespeare’s most prominent play, is arguably the most complex, relatable, and deep character created by Shakespeare. His actions and thoughts throughout the play show the audience how fully developed and unpredictable he is with his mixed personalities. What Hamlet goes through in the play defines the adventures encountered by a tragic hero. In this timeless tragedy, despite Hamlet’s great nobility and knowledge, he has a tragic

Monday, December 16, 2019

Chinatown Free Essays

What is the central theme of Chinatown and what key symbols and motifs are used to develop this theme? Fashioned as a great film nior the 1974 classic; Chinatown is a crime drama in which central themes coincide with the idea that the world is an inherently corrupt place where men of vice conquer over the helplessness of the innocent and ignorant. Plot, characters, and setting mark this piece as a neo film nior. However it is the use of pessimistic tone, also found common in many film niors, that sets to assist develop the central themes through common motifs and symbols. We will write a custom essay sample on Chinatown or any similar topic only for you Order Now The motifs within the film include the ignorance to truth, an inescapable past, and a daunting fate. We also find abstract ideas within the symbolism Chinatown itself. The term motif may be defined as recurring structures, contrast, or literary devices that can help to develop and inform the major themes. With in Chinatown we find that the characters are ignorant to the point in which they are unable to see the truth. Each character is surrounded and involved to some degree within the corruption that leads to there down fall. The protagonist of the film J. J. Gttes ( Jack Nicklson), a former police officer of chinatown turned private investigator in a neighboring town, spends the majority of the film investigating a murder only to find that once he has discovered the murderer that the police are corrupt as they turn a blind eye. Gittes is ignorant to the fact that not only in Chinatown money is power and those with in power stand above the law. The intertwining of the past and fate that parallel corruption also are used as a motif. The past haunts just about every character to the point that they are unable to overcome the adversity of the corruption of the world. It is the past and secrecy of the past the past that becomes the undoing of Evelyn Mulwray (Faye Dunaway), which in turn once again lets the corruption of her father prevail. Symbols within the film include Chinatown. Chinatown is not only the place from Gittes past that haunts him but is also the symbol for corruption in a ity. As lawlessness runs rampant and justice is silenced by those in power. The only scene to take place in Chinatown is the final scene in which the story unravels to show the corrupt Noah Cross (John Huston) triumphant as he gets away with fraud, incest, and murder. Filmed during a time of political unrest director Polanski film Chinatown may be used as a commentary on the corruption in the institutions that are suppose to provide for the well being of all. How to cite Chinatown, Papers

Saturday, December 7, 2019

Auditing & Assurance for Corporate Governance - MyAssignmenthelp

Question: Discuss about theAuditing Assurancefor Corporate Governance. Answer: Process Related to Corporate Governance Woolworths Limited has a process that can be related to corporate governance. Essentially, this information on corporate governance of the corporation can be acquired from the shareholder information and corporate governance statement mentioned in the annual report of the firm. In addition to this, an identical copy of the statement of corporate governance can be presented in the official website of Woolworths Limited. This section presents history of dividend disbursed, substantial shareholders, unquoted equity securities, info on annual general meeting, pay-out of final dividend. In addition to this, the process associated to corporate governance mentioned in the corporate governance statement also bears mention as regards dividend reinvestment plan, listings on the stock exchange, different American Depository receipts and corporate governance declaration (Arens et al. 2012). Furthermore, this section also presents thoroughly the total number of shareholders, specific distribution of equity securities a list of top 20 largest shareholders. Audit Committee Woolworths Limited has an audit, risk as well as compliance committee. Analysis of the annual report of the firm reveals the fact that the audit committee of the firm consists of committee of all the board of directors who is essentially accountable for overseeing particularly financial reporting procedure, selection of specifically independent assessor, receipt of audit outcomes both internal as well as external. Again, the members of the audit committee of the firm Woolworths Limited that is essentially the composition of then committee is essentially a functioning committee of the board of directors of Woolworths limited. Essentially, members of this particular committee are drawn from the members of the firms board of directors along with a chairperson who is selected from the members of the committee. Therefore, it can be said that Woolworths Limited has a perfect blend of members in the audit committee along with an independent audit partner. In addition to this, the company Wo olworths Limited also has an independent audit partner that is Deloitte that presents declaration regarding independence of the auditor (Woolworthsgroup.com.au 2017). According to section 307 C of specifically Corporations Act of the year 2001, audit partner Deloitte presented the declaration of independence. The independent auditor also presents a report that states the responsibility of assessors and additionally presents the opinions of the audit partner. Opinion Regarding Benefits of an Audit Committee The audit committee helps in overseeing process of financial reporting along with processes of disclosures (Elder et al. 2011). In addition to this, the audit committee formed within a publicly listed corporation can also help in monitoring different choices of accounting standards, policies as well as principles. This in turn helps in maintenance of compliance with the accounting standard that the company needs to adhere to for presentation of the financial declarations of the corporation. Addition to this, the presence of the audit committee also helps in the overseeing the entire process of hiring, particular performance along with independence of different external assessors (William Jr 2016). Furthermore, this audit committee also aids in maintenance of regulatory compliance, ethics and many others, supervising different processes of internal control, supervising performance of internal audit operations along with risks management policies and exercises of management. In essence , this helps in enhancement of the functionalities of operations of the firm and consequently the society in which the business operates. References Arens, A.A., Elder, R.J. and Mark, B., 2012.Auditing and assurance services: an integrated approach. Boston: Prentice Hall. Elder, R.J., Beasley, M.S. and Arens, A.A., 2011.Auditing and Assurance services. Pearson Higher Ed. William Jr, M., Glover, S. and Prawitt, D., 2016.Auditing and assurance services: A systematic approach. McGraw-Hill Education. Woolworthsgroup.com.au, 2017. [online] Available at: https://www.woolworthsgroup.com.au/icms_docs/185865_annual-report-2016.pdf [Accessed 19 May 2017].

Saturday, November 30, 2019

The climax of this story Essay Example For Students

The climax of this story Essay Examine closely Katherines speech in Act 5 Scene 2 lines 136-179. What is your view of this speech as the climax of this story? How have Kates opinions and language changed since the early acts of the play? Why do you think that she has changed so much?  What is your view of this speech as the climax of this story?  In The Taming of the Shrew, Katherina gives a final speech in Act 5, Scene 2, which many people consider sexist, in terms of the content and the language used. As George Bernard Shaw said, the play is Altogether disgusting to modern sensibility. It can be maintained that Petruchio is a rather challenging type, who sees their relationship as a game. We will write a custom essay on The climax of this story specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now Consequently, he knows he will win, thus winning a beautiful bride as well as the dowry. The final speech is proof that he has changed Katherina from an independent male to the woman that she is. He only plays the game to obtain the ideal marriage. Eventually they learn to love each other. In a play that is open for interpretation, the audience maintains many different points of view. One supposition is that Katherina has not been tamed yet, and is only playing along with Petruchios game to stop his abusive treatment. Another way of explaining it is that because for the first time in her life Katherina has realized that somebody actually cares about her enough to refine her, she gives up her discourteous past and sets off on a promising and happy future. I think that ultimately, Katherina changed from the Shrew into the acceptable wife because she has come to terms with her role as a woman, and realized that she has found love by becoming submissive to anything she disagrees with. How have Kates opinions and language changed since the early acts of the play?  The first sentence Katherina has uttered in the play is I pray you, sir, is it your will to make a stale of me amongst these mates?. In Shakespearean times, for a young woman to use language such as stale and mate, would have been considered rude and controversial. This is language of a typical male in those days, just as Katherina seems to be. This view supports how her language and opinions have changed from the beginning to the end of the play. The first impression of Katherina tends to be that she is as rude as a spoilt child and in the same way that the child needs to be taught manners, Katherina needs to be tamed. The irony in this case is that Bianca is infact the spoilt child especially when Baptista showers her with compliments. This puts negative influence on Katherina, as her hatred towards Bianca grows with every passing day. A pretty peat! It is best put finger in the eye and she knew why. Towards the end of the play, when she gives her speech, it is easily noticeable that her language and views have changed. It makes Katherina appear to be calm and gentle. The first signs of change in Katherina appear in Act 3, Scene 2 after their wedding, when Tranio and Gremio moth ask Petruchio to stay till after dinner. Thinking that is would make a difference; Katherina sweetly tells Petruchio Let me entreat you. Obviously you see that she is only playing along, trying to get her way as Bianca does with Baptista. As her refuses, it makes you realize that Petruchio is not easily manipulated and will only treat Katherina as an equal when she treats others in the same way. .ub0364f4206b878967af3720e4f301486 , .ub0364f4206b878967af3720e4f301486 .postImageUrl , .ub0364f4206b878967af3720e4f301486 .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .ub0364f4206b878967af3720e4f301486 , .ub0364f4206b878967af3720e4f301486:hover , .ub0364f4206b878967af3720e4f301486:visited , .ub0364f4206b878967af3720e4f301486:active { border:0!important; } .ub0364f4206b878967af3720e4f301486 .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .ub0364f4206b878967af3720e4f301486 { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .ub0364f4206b878967af3720e4f301486:active , .ub0364f4206b878967af3720e4f301486:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .ub0364f4206b878967af3720e4f301486 .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .ub0364f4206b878967af3720e4f301486 .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .ub0364f4206b878967af3720e4f301486 .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .ub0364f4206b878967af3720e4f301486 .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .ub0364f4206b878967af3720e4f301486:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .ub0364f4206b878967af3720e4f301486 .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .ub0364f4206b878967af3720e4f301486 .ub0364f4206b878967af3720e4f301486-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .ub0364f4206b878967af3720e4f301486:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: The play an inspector calls is heavily built on the atmosphere of the acts and how each character fits in to the scene EssayLater on in the same conversation, she says I see a woman may be made a fool If she had not a spirit to resist. This is vital, in witnessing the change from this scene, to her final speech because in the end, she indeed has no resistance and gives her total and utter submission. Thy husband is thy lord, thy life, thy keeper, Thy head, Thy sovereign; one that cares for thee We witness a big change in Act 4, Scene 5, when Katherina and Petruchio are on their journey back to Padua, and they stop for a rest. This is a a key moment in the play when the reader begins to understand how not only, has Katherina become gentle and kind, but also a slave to her husbands will. Petruchio then tests Katherina to ensure that she has indeed changed for good.  Petruchio: I say it is the moon.  Katherina I know it is the moon.  Petruchio: Nay then you lie, it is the blessed sun  Katherina: Then God be blessed, it is the blessed sun  Why has Katherina Changed. Katherinas opinion of men has changed from Mate a jade and stale to thy lord, thy king, thy governor by the end of the play, in the final speech. This is in no doubt, the climax of the story. It highlights the change in Katherinas personality as it does to the content and language of the play. She talks of men as superior whilst degrading Bianca and the widow for the disrespect they have towards their men. In this speech Katherina says A woman moved is like a fountain troubled, Muddy, Ill-seaming, thick, bereft of beauty, and while it is so, none so dry or thirsty, Will deign to sip, or touch one drop of it. This quote is the perfect example of everything Katherina was at the beginning of the play. It is a physical image, putting emphasis on the point that a man wont touch an upset woman because it is like drinking corrupt water. It is a brilliant admission of what she once was. Petruchio has tamed Katherina, into a beautiful, clear fountain. This indeed is ironic, because Bianca the white, is yet to be cleared. Katherina once had abused males in the ways in which she was abused by Petruchio , and by learning from her mistakes, she tried to teach the others. In Act 2, Scene 1, when Petruchio first meets Katherina, he greets her as Kate, to which she defensively replies well have you heard, but something hard of hearing, They call me Katherina that do talk of me. Having led a life full of aggression and male attitude, Katherina uses a defense mechanism to defend herself with. Initially, she treats males as subordinates. I feel that in order to escape from her insecurities, she affronts others to make herself feel superior. One can empathize with Katherina because she had no female role model to venerate. Another reason I sympathize her is because for the majority of her life, she is deemed to have been treated worse than her younger sister Bianca. This is obvious in the way Baptista speaks to Bianca For I will love thee neer the less,my girl. Katherina not only uses her defense mechanisms towards Petruchio, but she sarcastically tells Baptista how good of a father he is when he tries to wed her to Petruchio. I presume that another reason behind her defensive behavior is how Baptista considers Bianca as his jewel, in contrast to the way he feels about Katherina.

Tuesday, November 26, 2019

Kinetic Xbox 360 by the Microsoft

Kinetic Xbox 360 by the Microsoft Executive Summary Kinetic Xbox is a system that uses infrared translates 3D body motion to control video games. Rare and prime sense companies because of technological competition in the Microsoft world introduced the product. Bill Gates and Paul Allen following a series of revolution of innovations founded Microsoft Corporation in 1975 and introduced its second language Fortran in 1977.Advertising We will write a custom term paper sample on Kinetic Xbox 360 by the Microsoft specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More This led to its success of the Microsoft 8080 basics in the ICP million dollar awards launched in 1979. In 1983, the Microsoft Company released Microsoft Word to compete with MS-DOS operating system that IBM Company introduced in 1981. Due to competition in the market, Microsoft proceeded to release OS/2 in December 1987, Windows 3.0 in 1990, and Windows 95 to replace MS-DOS in 1995. Microsoft produced windows pc operating systems, office suite of productivity software, windows and SQL servers, Xbox 360, Bing internet search, business software, and software for mobile devices. The mission of Microsoft is to enhance the potential of business people to utilize resources to maximize their profits. In 2001, Microsoft XP replaces Windows 95 operating system with the innovation of Xbox that is one of the two largest gaming devices in the world. Later, Microsoft releases Xbox 360 in 2005. Xbox 360 creates the impact of Microsoft development by introducing unique products such as the Kinetic. Kinetic Xbox 360 enables the user to use the movement of the parts of the body and voice to control video games. No devices or gadgets required. The product attracts the attention and interest of many consumers due to the unique and advanced entertainment, exercise and socialization. However, the product is very expensive and although the consumers need it, they are not willing to spend on the product. This is due to the availab ility of close substitutes from its competitors Sony Playstation and Nintendo Wii, which are less costly. The market is monopolistic hence; the Microsoft products have control over their price since they are close substitutes. This means that Kinetic Xbox 360 can only earn profit in the short run since the competitors or new entries introduce products that compete with the product in the end. Kinetic Xbox segments its markets to focus on subsets of potential customers. In geographic segmentation, the product targets developed countries such as North America, Europe, China, and Japan where the product is affordable by a large number of consumers. Behavioral segmentation stimulates customer demand in the use of a wave of a hand and voice to control video games.Advertising Looking for term paper on other technology? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More The product uses psychographic segmentation by introducing social network ing through face book partnership, extending the product in the mobile phones, and TV and computer systems game entertainment. Demographic segmentation allows the product to provide family entertainment. We recommend expansion of markets in other countries or target markets to attract a substantial market share. Due to the nature of the market, lowering the price of the product enables survival in the end. The urge to innovate competitor products sends warning to the Company to improve technology of the product to maintain top position in the market. The company ensures brand loyalty and market control by creating customer experience, customer relationship, sense of pride and belongingness, and freedom of customer expression. These help the product compete effectively and efficiently during its future performance in the market. Due to the complexity of choice and management of distribution channels, the company makes decisions based on the structures of distribution, patterns of dis tribution channels, and the intermediaries. Consistent and controlled promotional programs enhance communication of the company and its consumers to increase product awareness and demand levels.

Friday, November 22, 2019

3 Lessons Freelancers Learn from... Bears

3 Lessons Freelancers Learn from... Bears Things that are great about being a bear: You get a diet rich in fish, you’re big enough that most predators don’t bother you, you don’t have to have a LinkedIn Profile, and when you want to go sleep in cave for weeks at a time, nobody thinks it’s weird. Fortunately we’re not just doomed to a life as sad hairless bear-wannabes. There are things freelancers can learn from bears when it comes to managing our work-life, as assembled by Chris over at Rags to Reasonable.Lesson 1: Hibernation ModeUnless you’ve landed a really plum long-term contract or three, odds are your workstream ebbs and flows (or sometimes even dries up entirely). This means you have to know how to match your variable expenses to your variable income- make sure you know how to get your operating costs low and manageable enough to allow even your â€Å"hibernation wages† to last you until your next big paycheck.Lesson 2: Go Where the Food IsThis lesson is both obvious a nd frustrating when you’re starting out and taking every single job that comes your way. Some of them may not be as lucrative as you wanted or as relevant to your overall goals as you hoped. Still,  you take them and accept what the market has to offer since you don’t know if there will be food (i.e. work) if you hold out for something closer to your experience.Lesson 3: Filling Your Fat StoresA positive and negative of freelancing is that when it rains it pours, if you’re paid by the project and not hourly. This means you may work for a while in obscurity and then (sometimes months later!) are  rewarded with a significant check for a large portion of your work.The most valuable tip I took away from Chris’ bear-advice was to remember that check is  not disposable income; it’s not leftover, it’s not actually a reliable, regular paycheck. Make it last as long as possible by being savvy with your spending and strategic with your saving.If You’re Freelancing, Have a Plan For Your â€Å"Hibernation† SeasonIf You’re Freelancing, Have a Plan For Your â€Å"Hibernation† Season  Read More at Rags to Reasonable

Wednesday, November 20, 2019

Hypercholesterolemia in the Secondary Prevention of Coronary Heart Essay

Hypercholesterolemia in the Secondary Prevention of Coronary Heart Disease - Essay Example In the developed world, it is one of the leading causes of death both in men and women. Around 94,000 deaths each year in the UK are attributed to this condition and the prevalence of this condition is about 2.6 million. The most common symptom associated with coronary heart disease (CHD) is angina and about 2 million people are affected with it each year. With age the prevalence and severity of CHD would only increase (NHS 2009). The two most notable conditions that are associated with CHD are angina and myocardial infarction. Myocardial infarction arises when coronary arteries are completely blocked and angina arises when the coronary arteries are partially blocked. Some of the common symptoms that are associated with CHD include breathlessness, chest pain, palpitations, a feeling of heaviness or tightness over the chest, sweating, confusions, anxiety, light-headedness, breathlessness, and dyspnea. Some of the common complications that can arise with the progression of CHD include heart attack, angina, heart failure, and arrhythmia (Mayo Clinic 2012). The main pathophysiology associated with CHD is the build-up of plaque in the coronary artery. As the plaque builds up, the lumen of the vessel becomes narrower, and so does the heart receive reduced supply of blood, resulting in the development of several symptoms of CHD including chest pain, breathlessness, and light-headedness. ... Following the process of atherosclerosis, there may be breakage or rupture of the plaques resulting in deposition of platelets at the site of repair. This platelet clump may block the lumen resulting in partial or complete arterial blockage causing angina or myocardial infarction (Mayo Clinic 2012). Figure 2: Complications of CHD In the UK, the prevalence of hypercholesterolemia is high. About 1 in every 500 individuals is affected with familial hypercholesterolemia (an autosomal dominant condition characterised by high levels of Low Density lipoproteins (LDL) in the blood resulting in the development of atherosclerosis at a very rapid rate). Further the prevalence of hypercholesterolemia due to sedentary lifestyle, lack of exercises and diet has resulted in very high prevalence of CHD in the population. About 10 to 15% of the 110,000 population that have familial hypercholesterolemia are unaware of their condition, due to which they may be at a very high risk to suffer from angina o r myocardial infarction (Wadwa 2007). Almost every patient with coronary artery disease has a minimum of one modifiable cardiovascular risk factor, and that most of the risk factors remain insufficiently controlled even after patients are diagnosed for Coronary Heart Disease (CHD). â€Å"Hypercholesterolemia is a condition characterized by very high levels of cholesterol in the blood. Cholesterol is a waxy, fat-like substance that is produced in the body and obtained from foods that come from animals (particularly egg yolks, meat, poultry, fish, and dairy products). The body needs this substance to build cell membranes, make certain hormones, and produce compounds that aid in fat